What Should We Remember?
What Should We Remember?
We store memories differently based on how they were experienced
We store memories differently based on how they were experienced
- Tip of the tongue phenomenon
- Google effect
- Next–in–line effect
- Testing effect
- Absent–mindedness
- Levels–of–processing effect
We reduce events and lists to their key elements
We reduce events and lists to their key elements
- Suffix effect
- Serial–position effect
- Part–set cueing effect
- Recency effect
- Primacy effect
- Memory inhibition
- Modality effect
- Duration neglect
- List–length effect
- Serial recall effect
- Misinformation effect
- Leveling and sharpening
- Peak–end rule
We discard specifics to form generalities
We discard specifics to form generalities
- Fading affect bias
- Negativity bias
- Prejudice
- Stereotypical bias
- Implicit stereotypes
- Implicit association
We edit and reinforce some memories after the fact
We edit and reinforce some memories after the fact
Too Much Information
Too Much Information
We notice things already primed in memory or repeated often
We notice things already primed in memory or repeated often
- Availability heuristic
- Attentional bias
- Illusory truth effect
- Mere–exposure effect
- Context effect
- Cue–dependent forgetting
- Mood–congruent memory bias
- Frequency illusion
- Baader–Meinhof Phenomenon
- Empathy gap
- Omission bias
- Base rate fallacy
Bizarre, funny, visually striking, or anthropomorphic things stick out more than non-bizarre/unfunny things
Bizarre, funny, visually striking, or anthropomorphic things stick out more than non-bizarre/unfunny things
- Bizarreness effect
- Humor effect
- Von Restorff effect
- Picture superiority effect
- Self–relevance effect
- Negativity bias
We notice when something has changed
We notice when something has changed
- Anchoring
- Conservatism
- Contrast effect
- Distinction bias
- Focusing effect
- Money illusion
- Weber–Fechner law
We are drawn to details that confirm our own existing beliefs
We are drawn to details that confirm our own existing beliefs
- Confirmation bias
- Congruence bias
- Post–purchase rationalization
- Choice–supportive bias
- Selective perception
- Observer–expectancy effect
- Experimenter's bias
- Observer effect
- Expectation bias
- Ostrich effect
- Subjective validation
- Continued influence effect
- Semmelweis reflex
We notice flaws in others more easily than we notice flaws in ourselves
We notice flaws in others more easily than we notice flaws in ourselves
Not Enough Meaning
Not Enough Meaning
We tend to find stories and patterns even when looking at sparse data
We tend to find stories and patterns even when looking at sparse data
- Confabulation
- Clustering illusion
- Insensitivity to sample size
- Neglect of probability
- Anecdotal fallacy
- Illusion of validity
- Masked–man fallacy
- Recency illusion
- Gambler's fallacy
- Hot–hand fallacy
- Illusory correlation
- Pareidolia
- Anthropomorphism
We fill in characteristics from stereotypes, generalities, and prior histories
We fill in characteristics from stereotypes, generalities, and prior histories
- Group attribution error
- Ultimate attribution error
- Stereotyping
- Essentialism
- Functional fixedness
- Moral credential effect
- Just–world hypothesis
- Argument from fallacy
- Authority bias
- Automation bias
- Bandwagon effect
- Placebo effect
We imagine things and people we're familiar with or fond of as better
We imagine things and people we're familiar with or fond of as better
- Out–group homogeneity bias
- Cross–race effect
- In–group favoritism
- Halo effect
- Cheerleader effect
- Positivity effect
- Not invented here
- Reactive devaluation
- Well–traveled road effect
We simplify probabilities and numbers to make them easier to think about
We simplify probabilities and numbers to make them easier to think about
- Mental accounting
- Appeal to probability fallacy
- Normalcy bias
- Murphy's Law
- Zero sum bias
- Survivorship bias
- Subadditivity effect
- Denomination effect
- The magical number 7 ± 2
We think we know what other people are thinking
We think we know what other people are thinking
- Illusion of transparency
- Curse of knowledge
- Spotlight effect
- Extrinsic incentive error
- Illusion of external agency
- Illusion of asymmetric insight
We project our current mindset and assumptions onto the past and future
We project our current mindset and assumptions onto the past and future
- Self–consistency bias
- Restraint bias
- Projection bias
- Pro–innovation bias
- Time–saving bias
- Planning fallacy
- Impact bias
- Declinism
- Moral luck
- Outcome bias
- Hindsight bias
- Rosy retrospection
- Telescoping effect
Need To Act Fast
Need To Act Fast
We favor simple–looking options and complete information over complex, ambiguous option
We favor simple–looking options and complete information over complex, ambiguous option
- Less–is–better effect
- Occam's razor
- Conjunction fallacy
- Law of Triviality
- Bike–shedding effect
- Rhyme–as–reason effect
- Belief bias
- Information bias
- Ambiguity bias
To avoid mistakes, we aim to preserve autonomy and group status, and avoid irreversible decisions
To avoid mistakes, we aim to preserve autonomy and group status, and avoid irreversible decisions
- Status quo bias
- Social comparison effect
- Decoy effect
- Reactance
- Reverse psychology
- System justification
To get things done, we tend to complete things we've invested time and energy in
To get things done, we tend to complete things we've invested time and energy in
- Backfire effect
- Endowment effect
- Processing difficulty effect
- Pseudocertainty effect
- Disposition effect
- Zero–risk bias
- Unit bias
- IKEA effect
- Loss aversion
- Generation effect
- Escalation of commitment
- Irrational escalation
- Sunk cost fallacy
To stay focused, we favor the immediate, relatable thing in front of us
To stay focused, we favor the immediate, relatable thing in front of us
To act, we must be confident we can make an impact and feel what we do is important
To act, we must be confident we can make an impact and feel what we do is important
- Peltzman effect
- Risk compensation
- Effort justification
- Trait ascription bias
- Defensive attribution hypothesis
- Fundamental attribution error
- Illusory superiority
- Illusion of control
- Actor–observer bias
- Self–serving bias
- Barnum effect
- Forer effect
- Optimism bias
- Egocentric bias
- Dunning–Kruger effect
- Lake Wobegone effect
- Hard–easy effect
- False consensus effect
- Third–person effect
- Social desirability bias
- Overconfidence effect
What Should We Remember?
Too Much Information
Not Enough Meaning
Need To Act Fast